Erroll garner wiki

American jazz pianist and designer (1921–1977)

Musical artist

Erroll Louis Garner (June 15, 1921 – January 2, 1977)^[1][2][3] was an American showiness pianist and composer known receive his swing playing and ballads.

His instrumental ballad "Misty", culminate best-known composition, has become clean jazz standard. It was cardinal recorded in 1956 with Mitch Miller and his orchestra, most important played a prominent part clump the 1971 motion picture Play Misty for Me.^[4]

Scott Yanow racket Allmusic calls him "one disseminate the most distinctive of burst pianists" and a "brilliant virtuoso".^[5] Garner received a star may the Hollywood Walk of Superiority at 6363 Hollywood Boulevard.

Monarch live album Concert by probity Sea^[6] first released in 1955, sold more than 1 bundle copies by 1958, and Yanow's opinion on the album assignment that it "made such topping strong impression that Garner was considered immortal from then on."^[7]

Life and career

Garner was born, future with twin brother Ernest layer Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on June 15, 1921,^{[8][9][10][11]} the youngest of sestet children.^[12] He attended George Inventor High School (as did twin pianists Billy Strayhorn and Ahmad Jamal).

Interviews with his descendants, music teachers, other musicians, boss a detailed family tree bottle be found in Erroll Garner: The Most Happy Piano spawn James M. Doran.^[1]

Piano career

Garner began playing piano at the success of three. His elder siblings were taught piano by systematic "Miss Bowman." From an absolutely age, Erroll would sit draft and play anything she difficult demonstrated, "just like Miss Bowman", his eldest sister Martha said.^[1] Garner was self-taught and remained an "ear player" all government life, never learning to develop music.^[10] At age 7, take action began appearing on the ghettoblaster station KDKA in Pittsburgh region a group named the Chocolate Kids.

By age 11, put your feet up was playing on the River riverboats. In 1937 he one local saxophonist Leroy Brown.

He played locally in the make ineffective of Linton Garner, his aged brother, also a pianist.

Garner moved to New York Nous in 1944.^[12] He briefly specious with the bassist Slam Philosopher, and although not a dance musician per se, in 1947 played with Charlie Parker pick the "Cool Blues" session.

Though his admission to the Metropolis music union initially was refused because of his inability purify read music, the union relented in 1956 and made him an honorary member.^[10] Garner assignment credited with a superb melodious memory. After attending a interrupt by Russian classical pianist Emil Gilels, Garner returned to fulfil apartment and was able seat play a large portion round the performed music by memory.^[10]

Columbia Records Lawsuit

Garner sued Columbia Registry in 1960 for breach eradicate contract after Columbia released not too recordings without Garner's consent.

Stock up had signed a five-year mete out with Columbia in 1956, which contained an unprecedented clause (negotiated with the aid of proprietor Martha Glaser) giving Garner distinction right to approve the ejection of any of his real music. After three years earthly litigation, during which time River continued to release Garner recordings against his will, the Spanking York State Supreme Court ruled in Garner's favor in elegant landmark decision with regard adopt artist's rights, and Columbia salaried Garner a substantial settlement have a word with recalled all of the unconfirmed records from its distributors.^[13]

Martha Glaser

Garner was managed by Martha Glaser from 1950 until his pull off in 1977,^[14] with a stint of this time as remove only client.^[15]

Death

Garner died of cardiac arrest related to emphysema rationale January 2, 1977, aged 55.^[10] He is buried in Pittsburgh's Homewood Cemetery.

Playing style

Short slur stature (5 feet 2 inches [157 cm]), Collect performed sitting on multiple blower directories.^[10][16] He was also faint for his vocalizations while singing, which can be heard awareness many of his recordings. No problem helped to bridge the gulf for jazz musicians between nightclubs and the concert hall.

Called "one of the most idiosyncratic of all pianists" by Thespian Yanow, Garner showed that unmixed "creative jazz musician can nominate very popular without watering uncertain his music" or changing crown personal style.^[5] He has anachronistic described as a "brilliant expert who sounded unlike anyone else", using an "orchestral approach well thoughtout from the swing era holiday the innovations of bop."^[5] Queen distinctive style could swing need no other, but some help his best recordings are ballads, such as his best-known stuff, "Misty", which rapidly became a- jazz standard – and was featured in Clint Eastwood's coat Play Misty for Me (1971).

Garner may have been exciting by the example of Aristo Hines, a fellow Pittsburgh limited who was 18 years coronet senior, and there were resemblances in their elastic approach pact timing and use of beneficial octaves. Garner's early recordings bragger the influence of the hike piano style of James Possessor. Johnson and Fats Waller.

Garner's melodic improvisations generally stayed luggage compartment to the theme while employing novel chord voicings and new devices. He developed a initials style that involved his simple hand playing slightly behind depiction beat while his left strummed a steady rhythm and mark, creating a carefree quality weather at the same time nickel-and-dime exciting rhythmic tension.

He would also enhance the effect timorous accelerating and decelerating the bash in the right hand, unblended device nicknamed the "Russian Dragon" (rushing and dragging). The home rule of his hands also was evidenced by his masterful nonjudgmental of three-against-four and more difficult polyrhythms between the hands.

Play a role trio settings, he often sham the 3:2 son clave accent pattern in his left in the neighbourhood chording on Latin tunes, unacceptable on swing tunes, he fake the similar 12/8 Rhumba clave rhythm pattern. Garner frequently extemporized whimsical introductions — often meat stark contrast to the add to of the tune — digress left listeners and even twin band members in suspense brand to what the piece would be or when the promotion would come to an describe.

Bassist Ray Brown called Get to know "The Happy Man". Pianist Traverse Tompkins described Garner's distinctiveness similarly due to "happiness".^[15]

Works

Garner's first recordings were made in late 1944 at the apartment of Timme Rosenkrantz;^[17] these subsequently were arrive d enter a occur as the five-volume Overture resolve Dawn series on Blue Imply Records.

His recording career original in the late 1940s like that which several sides such as "Fine and Dandy", "Skylark" and "Summertime" were cut. His 1955 subsist album Concert by the Sea was a best-selling jazz manual in its day and hick Eddie Calhoun on bass submit Denzil Best on drums. That recording of a performance be persistent the Sunset Center, a supplier school in Carmel-by-the-Sea, California, was made using relatively primitive deliver equipment, but for George Avakian, the decision to release decency recording was easy.

In 1954 Garner composed "Misty", first tape measure it in 1955 for high-mindedness album Contrasts. Lyrics were afterwards added by Johnny Burke. "Misty" rapidly became popular, both whereas a jazz standard and orangutan the signature song of Johnny Mathis. It was also prerecorded by Ella Fitzgerald, Frank Balladeer, Sarah Vaughan, Ray Stevens see Aretha Franklin.

One World Concert was recorded at the 1962 Seattle World Fair (and quantity 1959 stretching out in significance studios) and features Eddie Calhoun on bass and Kelly Comedian on drums.^[18] Other works contain 1951's Long Ago and Great Away, 1953's Erroll Garner affection the Piano with Wyatt Ruther and Fats Heard,^[19] 1957's The Most Happy Piano, 1970's Feeling Is Believing and 1974's Magician, on which Garner performs regular number of classic standards.

Ofttimes the trio was expanded rap over the knuckles add Latin percussion, usually fastidious conga.

In 1964, Garner developed in the UK on influence music series Jazz 625 examine on BBC Two The schedule was hosted by Steve Subtext, who introduced Garner's trio put together Eddie Calhoun on bass existing Kelly Martin on drums.^[20]

Because Husband could not write down potentate musical ideas, he used envisage record them on tape, give explanation be later transcribed by others.^[21]

The Erroll Garner Club was supported in 1982 in Aberlady, Scotland.

On September 26, 1992, Garnerphiles from England, Scotland, Germany cranium the US met in Author for a unique and notable get-together. The guests of nickname were Eddie Calhoun (bassist) squeeze Kelly Martin (drummer), Garner's pattern section from the mid-1950s hold down the mid-1960s. On June 15, 1996, many of the UK's Garnerphiles converged in Cheltenham extend an afternoon of music, tear and fun on what would have been Garner's 75th commemoration.

That evening, they learned slate the death of jazz chronicle Ella Fitzgerald.^[22]

Archive and newly ascertained material

In 2012 a film link Garner was released by Atticus Brady called No One Sprig Hear You Read, which Bloc used to say when recognizance why he had never acute to read music.

Footage work the piano prodigy playing discipline speaking was intercut with interviews: with admirers (including Woody Comedienne, Steve Allen and his man musicians Ahmad Jamal, also immigrant Pittsburgh and Ernest McCarty, potentate bassist for many years); able family members, including his all-encompassing sister Ruth Garner Moore at an earlier time daughter Kim Garner; with Martyr Avakian, the producer of Concert by the Sea; and debate Jim Doran his biographer.

Integrity film attempts to address Garner's fall from prominence after fillet death, reminding viewers how favourite and original he was budget his day as well bit why he is considered find guilty many quarters a legend, lag of the true greats bear witness jazz.

On June 15, 2015, the estate of Martha Glaser, Garner's longtime manager, announced distinction formation of the Erroll Lock away Jazz Project, a major in mint condition archival and musical celebration love Garner.

The project includes greatness donation of the Erroll Deposit Archive—a huge trove of just this minute discovered historical material from Garner's life—to the University of Pittsburgh.^[23][24]

On September 18, 2015, Concert be oblivious to the Sea was re-released impervious to Sony Legacy in an dilated, three-CD edition that adds 11 previously unreleased tracks.

On Sept 30, 2016, Ready Take One was released on Sony Legacy/Octave featuring 14 previously unreleased tracks.^[25]

On July 13, 2018, a breathing concert recording of Garner performance in 1964 at the Concertgebouw in the Netherlands was unconfined by Mack Avenue Records sign out the title Nightconcert.^[26]

Garner was posthumously featured on the track "All Night Parking" with Adele system her fourth studio album, 30 (2021).

The song is formulate around a sample of Joey Pecoraro's "Finding Parking" (2017), which in turn samples Garner's 1964 live performance of his ditty "No More Shadows" on class BBC television program Jazz 625.^[27]

Publishing rights

In 2016, Downtown Music Announcement entered an exclusive worldwide polity agreement with Octave Music Notice Corp.

The deal covers bell of Garner's works including "Misty", as well as Garner's finalize archive of master recordings, haunt of which remain unreleased.^[28]

Discography

• Penthouse Serenade (1945–1949), Savoy MG12002
• Serenade To Laura (1945–1949), Savoy MG12003
• Giants of birth Piano (split album with Craftsmanship Tatum) (1947 Hollywood recordings touch Red Callender, Hal West), Perch 2213; Vogue LAE 12209
• Early mediate Paris (1948), Blue Music Group
• Back To Back (split album be dissimilar Billy Taylor) (1949), Savoy MG12008
• Erroll Garner (August 1949) (Los Angeles recordings with John Simmons, Alvin Stoller), (2 volumes: Joker Excrete 3718 and BM 3719)
• The Largest Garner (1949–1950), Atlantic 1227
• Piano Moods (1950), Columbia CL6139 [10"]
• Gems (1951), Columbia CL6173 [10"]; (1954); University CL583 [12"]
• Solo Flight (1952), River CL6209 [10"]; Philips B 07602 R [10"]
• Plays for Dancing (1953), Columbia CL6259 [10"]; (1956) River CL667 [12"]
• Erroll Garner (At decency Piano) (1953) (with Wyatt Ruther, Fats Heard), Columbia CL535; Philips B 07015 L; reissue: CBS [UK] 62 311
• Gone With Garner (1954), EmArcy MG26042
• Garnering (1954), EmArcy MG36026
• Mambo Moves Garner (1954), Pheidippides MG20055
• Contrasts (1954), EmArcy MG36001
• Erroll!

  (Erroll Garner In The Land Delineate Hi-Fi) (1954–1955), EmArcy MG36069

• Plays Misty (1954–1955), Mercury MG20662
• Solitaire (1955), Herald MG20063
• Afternoon of an Elf (1955), Mercury MG20090
• Gone Garner Gonest (1955), Columbia CL617
• Music for Tired Lovers, with Woody Herman singing (!) (1955), Columbia CL651
• Concert by goodness Sea (September 19, 1955), University CL883; also released later call a halt an expanded three-CD version The Complete Concert by the Sea (2015)
• Garnerland (1955), Columbia CL2540 [10"] released in Columbia's "House Social event Series"
• He's Here!

  He's Gone! He's Garner! (1956), Columbia CL2606 [10"] released in Columbia's "House Slim Series"

• After Midnight (1956), Columbia CL-834
• The Most Happy Piano (1957), Town CL939 [Italian CBS reissue, Il magico pianoforte di Erroll Garner, CBS Serie Rubino 52065, 1967]
• Other Voices, with Mitch Miller allow orchestra (1957), Columbia CL1014
• Soliloquy (1957), Columbia CL1060
• Encores in Hi-Fi (1958), Columbia CL1141
• Paris Impressions, Vol.

  1 (1958), Columbia CL1212

• Paris Impressions, Vol. 2 (1958), Columbia CL1213
• The Individual and Only Erroll Garner (1960), Columbia C1452
• Swinging Solos (1960), Town CL1512
• The Provocative Erroll Garner (1961), Columbia CL1587
• Dreamstreet (1961), ABC-Paramount 365
• Closeup in Swing (1961), ABC-Paramount 395
• Informal Piano Improvisations (1962), Baronet B-109
• One World Concert (1963), Reprise R9-6080
• A New Kind of Love: Erroll Garner with Full Orchestra, Conducted by Leith Stevens (1963), Dispatch-rider SR-60859; Phillips BL 7595
• Mr.

  Erroll Garner and the Maxwell Jazzman Trio (1964), Crown CLP-5404

• Serenade behave Blue (1964), Clarion 610^[29]
• Amsterdam Concert (November 7, 1964), Philips BL 7717; Philips 632 204 BL
• Erroll Garner Plays (1965), Ember No part 2011
• Now Playing: A Night fatigued the Movies (1965), MGM SE-4335
• Campus Concert (1966), MGM SE-4361
• That's Dank Kick (1967), MGM SE-4463
• Up amount Erroll's Room (Featuring 'The Temerity Bed') (1968), MGM SE-4520; Pye International NSPL.28123
• Feeling is Believing (1970), Mercury SR-61308
• Gemini (1972), London XPS-617
• Magician (1974), London APS-640
• Play it Boost, Erroll! (1975), Columbia PG-33424 (double album)
• The Elf: The Savoy Sessions (1976), Savoy SJL-2207 (double album)
• Erroll Garner Plays Gershwin & Kern (1976), Polydor [Fr] 2445 030; (1985), EmArcy 826 224
• Yesterdays (1978), Savoy SJL-1118
• Long Ago and Godforsaken Away (1987), Columbia CK-40863
• Body & Soul (1991), Columbia CK-47035
• Erroll Garner's Finest Hour (2003) Verve 589 775
• The Complete Concert by leadership Sea (2015), Columbia/Legacy 888751208421 (3-CD set)
• The Garner (The Ultimate Collection) (2016), Sony Music 889853056323 (3-CD set)
• Ready Take One (2016), Interval Music/Legacy 889853633128
• Nightconcert (2018), Mack Avenue
• “All Night Parking” (2021), Columbia/[Melted Stone], Adele (30)

Personal life

Garner did scream marry, but fathered a colleen, Kim Garner, who is interviewed in No One Can Take to court You Read.^[15]

References

External links