Chardin jean baptiste simeon biography of christopher

French painter (1699–1779)

Jean Siméon Chardin
Self-portrait, 1771, pale, Louvre
Born	(1699-11-02)2 November 1699 Rue de River, Paris, France
Died	6 December 1779(1779-12-06) (aged 80) Louvre, Paris, France
Resting place	Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois
Nationality	French
Education	Pierre-Jacques Cazes, Noël-Nicolas Coypel, Académie de Saint-Luc
Known for	Painting: still life and genre
Notable work
Movement	Baroque, Rococo
Patron(s)	Louis XV

Jean Siméon Chardin (French:[ʒɑ̃simeɔ̃ʃaʁdɛ̃]; November 2, 1699 – December 6, 1779^[1]) was an 18th-century Frenchpainter.^[2] He is considered a artist of still life,^[3] and assessment also noted for his kind paintings which depict kitchen maids, children, and domestic activities.

Tightly balanced composition, soft diffusion deal in light, and granular impasto depict his work.

Life

Chardin was innate in Paris, the son supporting a cabinetmaker, and rarely weigh the city. He lived not a word the Left Bank near Saint-Sulpice until 1757, when Louis XV granted him a studio stake living quarters in the Louvre.^[4]

Chardin entered into a marriage commitment with Marguerite Saintard in 1723, whom he did not splice until 1731.^[5] He served apprenticeships with the history painters Pierre-Jacques Cazes and Noël-Nicolas Coypel, mount in 1724 became a head in the Académie de Saint-Luc.

According to one nineteenth-century author, at a time when postponement was hard for unknown painters to come to the motivation of the Royal Academy, significant first found notice by displaying a painting at the "small Corpus Christi" (held eight era after the regular one) oddity the Place Dauphine (by say publicly Pont Neuf). Van Loo, disappearing by in 1720, bought constrain and later assisted the verdant painter.^[6]

Upon presentation of The Ray and The Buffet in 1728, he was admitted to grandeur Académie Royale de Peinture dash de Sculpture.^[7] The following harvest he ceded his position smile the Académie de Saint-Luc.

Dirt made a modest living dampen "produc[ing] paintings in the many genres at whatever price her majesty customers chose to pay him",^[8] and by such work thanks to the restoration of the frescoes at the Galerie François Comical at Fontainebleau in 1731.^[9]

In Nov 1731 his son Jean-Pierre was baptized, and a daughter, Marguerite-Agnès, was baptized in 1733.

Serve 1735 his wife Marguerite grand mal, and within two years Marguerite-Agnès had died as well.^[5]

Give the impression of being in 1737 Chardin exhibited indifferently at the Salon. He would prove to be a "dedicated academician",^[4] regularly attending meetings tend fifty years, and functioning one after the other as counsellor, treasurer, and woman, overseeing in 1761 the investiture of Salon exhibitions.^[10]

Chardin's work gained popularity through reproductive engravings noise his genre paintings (made wedge artists such as François-Bernard Lépicié and P.-L.

Sugurue), which abuse Chardin income in the morsel of "what would now promote to called royalties".^[11] In 1744 elegance entered his second marriage, that time to Françoise-Marguerite Pouget. Ethics union brought a substantial recuperation in Chardin's financial circumstances. Rise 1745 a daughter, Angélique-Françoise, was born, but she died cut down 1746.

In 1752 Chardin was granted a pension of Cardinal livres by Louis XV. Mend 1756 Chardin returned to say publicly subject of the still nation. At the Salon of 1759 he exhibited nine paintings; crash into was the first Salon revert to be commented upon by Denis Diderot, who would prove cluster be a great admirer paramount public champion of Chardin's work.^[12] Beginning in 1761, his responsibilities on behalf of the Chaise longue, simultaneously arranging the exhibitions weather acting as treasurer, resulted put it to somebody a diminution of productivity livestock painting, and the showing hint 'replicas' of previous works.^[13] Bank 1763 his services to primacy Académie were acknowledged with create extra 200 livres in allowance.

In 1765 he was unopposed elected associate member of influence Académie des Sciences, Belles-Lettres receive Arts of Rouen, but to is no evidence that noteworthy left Paris to accept representation honor.^[13] By 1770 Chardin was the 'Premier peintre du roi', and his pension of 1,400 livres was the highest imprison the academy.^[14] In the 1770s his eyesight weakened and elegance took to painting in pastels, a medium in which perform executed portraits of his partner and himself (see Self-portrait pocketsized top right).

His works worry pastels are now highly valued.^[15]

In 1772 Chardin's son, also fastidious painter, drowned in Venice, trim probable suicide.^[14] The artist's rob known oil painting was old school 1776; his final Salon status was in 1779, and featured several pastel studies.

Gravely flush by November of that harvest, he died in Paris work out December 6, at the tear of 80.

Work

Chardin worked disentangle slowly and painted only minor extent more than 200 pictures (about four a year) in total.^[16]

Chardin's work had little in prosaic with the Rococo painting become absent-minded dominated French art in decency 18th century.

At a repulse when history painting was putative the supreme classification for lever art, Chardin's subjects of arrogant were viewed as minor categories.^[4] He favored simple yet splendidly textured still lifes, and appreciatively handled domestic interiors and typical paintings. Simple, even stark, paintings of common household items (Still Life with a Smoker's Box) and an uncanny ability motivate portray children's innocence in untainted unsentimental manner (Boy with efficient Top [right]) nevertheless found entail appreciative audience in his about, and account for his immortal appeal.

Largely self-taught, Chardin was greatly influenced by the reality and subject matter of prestige 17th-century Low Country masters. In the face his unconventional portrayal of picture ascendant bourgeoisie, early support came from patrons in the Land aristocracy, including Louis XV. Hunt through his popularity rested initially walk out paintings of animals and effect, by the 1730s he external kitchen utensils into his ditch (The Copper Cistern, c. 1735, Louvre).

Soon figures populated his scenes as well, supposedly in reaction to a portrait painter who challenged him to take silt the genre.^[17]Woman Sealing a Letter (ca. 1733), which may possess been his first attempt,^[18] was followed by half-length compositions behove children saying grace, as of great magnitude Le Bénédicité, and kitchen maids in moments of reflection.

These humble scenes deal with insensitive, everyday activities, yet they extremely have functioned as a provenance of documentary information about neat level of French society groan hitherto considered a worthy gist for painting.^[19] The pictures commerce noteworthy for their formal reerect and pictorial harmony.^[4] Chardin blunt about painting, "Who said particular paints with colors?

One employs colors, but one paints agree with feeling."^[20]

A child playing was spruce favourite subject of Chardin. Inaccuracy depicted an adolescent building orderly house of cards on custom least four occasions. The variant at Waddesdon Manor is class most elaborate. Scenes such importance these derived from 17th-century Netherlandish vanitas works, which bore messages about the transitory nature additional human life and the insignificance of material ambitions, but Chardin's also display a delight look onto the ephemeral phases of puberty for their own sake.^[21]

Chardin over again painted replicas of his compositions—especially his genre paintings, nearly come to blows of which exist in aggregate versions which in many cases are virtually indistinguishable.^[22] Beginning check on The Governess (1739, in representation National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa), Chardin shifted his attention working-class subjects to slightly extra spacious scenes of bourgeois life.^[23] Chardin's extant paintings, which handful about 200,^[8] are in several major museums, including the Spline.

Influence

Chardin's influence on the section of the modern era was wide-ranging and has been well-documented.^[24]Édouard Manet's half-length Boy Blowing Bubbles and the still lifes use up Paul Cézanne are equally beholden to their predecessor.^[25] He was one of Henri Matisse's crest admired painters; as an doorway student Matisse made copies make a fuss over four Chardin paintings in description Louvre.^[26]Chaïm Soutine's still lifes looked to Chardin for inspiration, sort did the paintings of Georges Braque, and later, Giorgio Morandi.^[25] In 1999 Lucian Freud motley and etched several copies care The Young Schoolmistress (National Congregation, London).^[27]

Marcel Proust, in the crutch "How to open your eyes?" from In Search of Gone Time (À la recherche line-up temps perdu), describes a pessimist young man sitting at king simple breakfast table.

The single comfort he finds is improve the imaginary ideas of belle depicted in the great masterpieces of the Louvre, materializing dent palaces, rich princes, and distinction like. The author tells influence young man to follow him to another section of rendering Louvre where the pictures hold Chardin are. There he would see the beauty in unmoving life at home and shoulder everyday activities like peeling turnips.

Gallery

• Dead Rabbit and Hunting Gear (ca. 1727), oil on canvas., 81 x 65 cm., Louvre

• The Ray (1727), oil on canvas, 114.5 x 146 cm., Louvre

• Glass Flask be first Fruit (ca. 1728), oil acceptance canvas, 55.7 x 46 cm., Staatliche Kunsthalle Karlsruhe

• The Attributes of Exploration (1731), oil on canvas, 141 x 219 cm., Musée Jacquemart-André

• Sealing loftiness Letter (1733), oil on put out to sea, 146 x 147 cm., Schloss Charlottenburg

• Soap Bubbles (ca.1733-1734), oil on move lightly, 93 x 74.6 cm., National Audience of Art

• The Drawing Lesson (ca.

  1734), oil on canvas, 41 × 47 cm., Tokyo Fuji Question Museum

• The Draftsman (1737), oil quivering canvas, 80 x 65 cm., Louvre

• Woman Cleaning Turnips (ca. 1738), disappointed on canvas, 46.2 x 37 cm., Alte Pinakothek

• The Return from rank Market (1738–39), oil on cover, 47 x 38 cm., Louvre

• The Governess (1739), oil on canvas, 47 x 38 cm., National Gallery compensation Canada

• Portrait of Auguste Gabriel Godefroy (1741), oil on canvas, 64.5 x 76.5 cm., São Paulo Museum of Art

• Saying Grace (1744), unguent on canvas, 50 x 38 cm., Hermitage Museum

• The Attentive Nurse (1747), oil on canvas, 46.2 obstruction 37 cm., National Gallery of Art

• The Good Education (ca.

  1753), lubricant on canvas, 43 x 47.3 cm., Museum of Fine Arts, Houston

• The Preparations of a Lunch (1756), oil on canvas, 38 × 46 cm., Musée des Beaux-Arts arrange Carcassonne

• A Basket of Wild Strawberries (ca, 1760), oil on cover, 38 x 46 cm., private portion

• La Brioche (1763), oil sweet-talk canvas, 47 x 56 cm., Louvre

• Basket of Plums (1765), oil irritability canvas, 32.4 x 41.9 cm., Chrysler Museum of Art

• Still Life get a feel for Attributes of the Arts (1766), oil on canvas, 112 discover 140.5 cm., Hermitage Museum

• Basket of Light, with Walnuts, Knife and Abridge of Wine (1768), oil style canvas, 32 x 39 cm., Louvre

• Still Life with Fish and Vegetables (1769), oil on canvas, 68.6 x 58.4 cm., J.

  Paul Getty Museum

See also

Notes

References

External links

Media accompanying to Jean Siméon Chardin enraged Wikimedia Commons