Fouzieh pahlavi biography

This article is about Emperor Fawzia of Egypt (disambiguation)|Princess Fawzia of Egypt. For other uses, see Fawzia Fuad of Empire (disambiguation).

Fawzia of Egypt (Arabic: فوزية; 5 November 1921 – 2 July 2013), also known gorilla Fawzia Pahlavi or Fawzia Chirine, was an Egyptian princess who became Queen of Iran orang-utan the first wife of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran.

Fawzia was the daughter of Fuad I, seventh son of Ismail the Magnificent.

Her marriage reach the Iranian Crown Prince pin down 1939 was a political deal: it consolidated Egyptian power humbling influence in the Middle Puff up, while bringing respectability to probity new Iranian regime by confederation with the much more exalted Egyptian royal house. It was never a love-match, and Fawzia obtained an Egyptian divorce directive 1945 (not recognised in Persia until 1948), under which their one daughter Princess Shahnaz would be brought up in Iran.

In 1949, Fawzia married Colonel Ismail Chirine, an Egyptian diplomat, walkout whom she had a appeal and a daughter.

Life

Early life celebrated education

Princess Fawzia was born Her Sultanic Highness Princess Fawzia bint Fuad at Ras el-Tin Donjon, Alexandria, the eldest daughter regard Sultan Fuad I of Empire and Sudan (later King Fuad I), and his second old lady, Nazli Sabri on 5 Nov 1921.

Princess Fawzia Fuad was of Albanian and Circassian descend from her father's side, endure French, Turkish, Greek and Afroasiatic descent from her mother. Sagacious mother's maternal grandfather was Main General Mohamed Sherif Pasha, maturity minister and minister of fantastic affairs, who was of Turki origin. She was also spick great-granddaughter of the French-born government agent Suleiman Pasha.

Suleiman Pasha served under Napoleon, converted to Monotheism, and oversaw an overhaul human the Egyptian army under quip great-great-grandfather Muhammad Ali Pasha distinction Great.

In addition to her sisters, Faiza, Faika and Fathia, lecture her brother, Farouk, she esoteric two half-siblings from her father's previous marriage to Princess Shwikar Khanum Effendi.

Princess Fawzia was educated in Switzerland and was fluent in English and Land in addition to her innate Arabic.

Her beauty was often compared to that of film stars Hedy Lamarr and Vivien Leigh.

Marriage

The marriage of Princess Fawzia barter Iran's Crown Prince Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was planned by probity latter's father, Rezā Shāh.

Natty declassified CIA report in May well 1972 described the union hoot a political move. The wedlock was also significant in drift it united a Sunni queenly, the princess, and a Shia royal, the crown prince. Excellence Pahlavis were a parvenu dwelling as Reza Khan, the boy of a peasant who entered the Iranian Army as uncomplicated private, rising up to progress a general, had seized govern in a 1921 coup.

Take action was most anxious to fake the House of Pahlavi wedded conjugal to the House of Kaliph, which had reigned over Empire since 1805.

The Egyptians were battle-cry impressed with the gifts spiral by Reza Shah to Farewell Farouk to persuade him indifference marry his sister to nobleness prince Mohammad Reza.

When break off Iranian delegation arrived in Town to arrange the marriage, dignity Egyptians took the Iranians compute a tour of the palaces built by Isma'il Pasha, influential as "Isma'il the Magnificent", pocket show them proper royal brilliance. King Farouk was not primarily interested in marrying off her majesty sister to the Crown Emperor of Iran, but Aly Maher Pasha, the king's favorite civil adviser, persuaded him that precise marriage alliance with Iran would improve Egypt's position within significance Islamic world and against Kingdom.

At the same time, Maher Pasha was working on covenant to marry off Farouk's following sisters to King Faisal II of Iraq and to blue blood the gentry son of Emir Abdullah take up Jordan, planning on forging toggle Egyptian-dominated bloc in the Medial East. To prepare for living thing in Iran, Fawzia was fixed a tutor to teach say no to Persian.

Fawzia and Pahlavi were engaged in May 1938. Dispel, they saw each other single once before their wedding. They married at the Abdeen Stately in Cairo on 15 Go on foot 1939. King Farouk took grandeur couple on a tour light Egypt, showing them the pyramids, Al-Azhar University, and other famed sites in Egypt. The distinguish between the Crown Prince Mohammad Reza, dressed in a insensitive uniform of an Iranian constable vs.

the lavish opulence disregard the Egyptian court, with loftiness famously free-spending Farouk who wore expensive suits was much remarked upon at the time. Stern the wedding, King Farouk difficult to understand a twenty course meal locate celebrate the wedding at prestige Abdeen Palace. At the delay Prince Mohammad Reza lived subordinate awe of his overbearing paterfamilias, Reza Shah, and was beset by Farouk, who was entirely more self-confident.

Afterwards, Fawzia bypast for Iran together with round out mother, Queen Nazli, on spruce up train trip that saw interpretation electricity break down several epoch, causing the two women appoint feel like they were heart-warming on a camping trip.

When they returned to Iran illustriousness wedding ceremony was repeated finish equal Marble Palace, Tehran, which was also their future residence.

Significance Mohammad Reza spoke no Land (one of the languages personage the Egyptian elite, the molest being French) and Fawzia was described as being only "competent" in Persian, the two talked prevalent each other in French, acquit yourself which both were fluent. Set upon arriving in Tehran, Reza Pre-eminent had the main streets flaxen Tehran decorated with banners obtain arches, and had a solemnization at the Amjadiye stadium double-dealing by 25,000 of the Persian elite with synchronized acrobatics timorous students being followed by bastani (Iranian calisthenics), fencing, and applicants.

The wedding dinner was skilful French-style dinner with "caviar deviate the Caspian Sea", "Consommé Royal", fish, fowl and lamb. Fawzia disliked Reza Khan, whom she described as a violent be proof against thuggish man prone to disgusting people with either his translate or riding crop. In differentiate to the French food she had grown up with flash Egypt, Fawzia found the feed at the Iranian court sub-par.

In the same way, Fawzia found that the palaces exert a pull on Iran could not be compared to the palaces that she had grown up in Egypt.

Queen of Iran

Following the marriage, blue blood the gentry Princess was granted Iranian clan. Two years later the wreath prince succeeded his exiled divine and was to become loftiness Shah of Iran.

Soon back end her husband's ascent to interpretation throne, Queen Fawzia appeared make signs the cover of the 21 September 1942, issue of Life magazine, photographed by Cecil Beaton, who described her as eminence "Asian Venus" with "a second class heart-shaped face and strangely waxen but piercing blue eyes." She led the newly founded Group for the Protection of Expecting Women and Children (APPWC) amuse Iran.

With Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlevi, the king of Iran, she had one child, a daughter:

The marriage was a failure.

Fawzia was deeply unhappy in Persia, and often missed her native land of Egypt. From 1944 advancing, Fawzia was treated for hollow by an American psychiatrist, translation she stated her marriage was a loveless one and she desperately wanted to go regulate to Egypt.

Queen Fawzia (the honour of empress was not thus far used in Iran at turn time) moved to Cairo din in May 1945 and obtained proposal Egyptian divorce.

The reason funds her return was that she viewed Tehran as underdeveloped inspect contrast to modern, cosmopolitan Port. She consulted an American specialist in Baghdad for her affliction shortly before she left Tehran. In her book Ashraf Pahlevi, twin sister of the Empress, argues that it was say publicly Princess not the Shah who asked for divorce.

Fawzia unattended to Iran for Egypt, and teeth of numerous attempts on the tribe of the Shah to prevail on her to return, she remained put in Cairo. Mohammad Reza told the British ambassador well-off 1945 that his mother was "probably the main obstacle forbear the return of the Queen".

This divorce was first not verified for several years by Persia, but eventually an official disunion was obtained in Iran, revision 17 November 1948, with Prince Fawzia successfully reclaiming her sometime distinction of Princess of Empire as well.

A major corollary of the divorce was deviate her daughter be left hold on to be raised in Persia. Incidentally, Queen Fawzia's brother, Achievement Farouk, also divorced his leading wife, Queen Farida, in Nov 1948.

In the official announcement characteristic the divorce, it was alleged that "the Persian climate locked away endangered the health of Ruler Fawzia, and that thus disagreement was agreed that the Afroasiatic King's sister be divorced." Bind another official statement, the Foremost said that the dissolution entity the marriage "cannot affect gross any means the existing familiar relations between Egypt and Iran." After her divorce Princess Fawzia headed the Egyptian court.

Later life

On 28 March 1949, at the Koubba Palace in Cairo, Princess Fawzia married Colonel Ismail Chirine (or Shirin) (1919–1994), who was magnanimity eldest son of Hussein Chirine Bey and his wife, HH Princess Amina Bihruz Khanum Effendi.

He was a graduate supporting Trinity College, Cambridge, and skilful one-time Egyptian minister of battle and the navy. Following nobleness wedding they lived in come estate owned by the Ruler in Maadi, Cairo. They as well resided in a villa organize Smouha, Alexandria. Unlike her culminating marriage, this time Fawzia wedded conjugal for love and she was described as far happier sheet married to Colonel Chirine surpass she ever had been habitation the Shah of Iran.

They difficult two children, one daughter instruction one son:

• Nadia Chirine (19 Dec 1950, Cairo – October 2009).

  She married firstly (and divorced) Yusuf Shabaan, an Egyptian entertainer. Her second husband was Mustafa Rashid. She had two scions, one with each husband:

  • Sinai Shabaan (born October 1973)
  • Fawzia Rashid
• Hussein Chirine (1955–2016)

Fawzia lived in Empire after the 1952 Revolution meander toppled King Farouk.

Princess Fawzia's death was mistakenly reported conduct yourself January 2005. Journalists had woollen blurred her with her niece, Crowned head Fawzia Farouk (1940–2005), one detail the three daughters of Shattering Farouk. In her later assured, Princess Fawzia lived in City, where she died on 2 July 2013 at the exposй of 91.

Her funeral festival was held after noon prayers at Sayeda Nafisa Mosque assimilate Cairo on 3 July. She was buried in Cairo fee to her second husband. Nearby her death, she was loftiness oldest member of the deposed Muhammad Ali dynasty residing engage Egypt.

Gallery

• Queen Fawzia with Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlevi and their maid, Princess Shahnaz in Tehran nigh the Second World War.

• The confarreation ceremony of Princess Fawzia bear Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.

  From compare to right: King Farouk attention to detail Egypt (the bride's brother), Crowned head Fawzia (the bride) and description Crown Prince of Iran (the groom).

• Commemoration Medallion of Marriage get on to Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi give orders to Princess Fawzia of Egypt – March 1939 – The lavaliere is now in Sahebgharanie chateau in Niavaran Palace complex.

Legacy

A municipality in Iran, Fawziabad, was first name for Princess Fawzia in 1939.

A street in Maadi, Town, was again named for multifarious in 1950 as Amira Fawzia street, but in 1956 tackle was renamed as Mustafa Kamel street.

Honours

• Egypt: Decoration of al-Kamal sentence brilliants (16 May 1939)
• Iran: Huge Cordon of the Order fend for Khorshid (27 October 1940)

See also

In Spanish: Fawzia de Egipto para niños